When contrasted with conventional buildings, steel - structured buildings represent a novel form of construction. In these buildings, the entire edifice is fabricated from steel. The structure mainly consists of steel beams, columns, trusses, and other components crafted from section steel and steel plates. Connections between components are achieved through welding, bolts, or rivets. Owing to their lightweight nature and uncomplicated structures, they find extensive applications in large - scale factories, stadiums, super - tall buildings, and other fields. The types of steel - structured buildings include the portal rigid - frame, frame structure, truss structure, and grid structure.
The portal rigid steel frame has a simple structure and clear force - transmission paths. This makes construction fast and cost - effective. It's widely used in industrial buildings like factories, as well as small - scale commercial structures due to its straightforward assembly and economic advantages.
Frame structures offer great flexibility. They can create large, open - plan spaces, which is why they are popular in multi - story commercial office buildings, shopping malls, and conference centers. The ability to adapt the interior layout according to different functions is a major plus.
Truss structures are made by combining small - cross - section components into larger, more robust units. They are ideal for applications that require long - span coverage, such as large - span roofs of stadiums, bridges, and some industrial workshops where a wide, unobstructed space is needed.
Grid structures, composed of an intricate network of rods, are highly rigid and have excellent seismic resistance. They are often used in large public buildings like gymnasiums, exhibition halls, and airport terminals, where a large, stable space with good aesthetic appeal is required.
